Canonical Classics ← 第四十五回
第四十五回
sānqīngguànshèngliúmíng
chēchíguóhóuwángxiǎn

At the Abbey of the Three Pure Ones the Great Sage leaves his name; in the Kingdom of Cart-Slow the Monkey King displays his magic.

虎力啟奏
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

虎力啟奏 Tiger-Power's Petition

xiānleqíngzhejiǎnduìmiànqiándǎoyángchénbàicháoshàngzòudàoxiānleqíngzhejiǎnduìmiànqiándǎoyángchénbàicháoshàngzòudào

chénghuángchéngkǒngshǒuguīchénghuángchéngkǒngshǒuguī
chénděngxīngjiàoyǎngwàngqīngchénděngxīngjiàoyǎngwàngqīng
mièsēngjìngdàoguānghuīmièsēngjìngdàoguānghuī
chìxiūbǎo殿diànzhìtíngwéichìxiūbǎo殿diànzhìtíngwéi
guǎngchéngòngyǎnggāoguàlóng广guǎngchéngòngyǎnggāoguàlóng
tōngxiāobǐngzhúzhènxiāngféntōngxiāobǐngzhúzhènxiāngfén
chéngshàngcùnjìngqiánguīchéngshàngcùnjìngqiánguī
jīnméngjiàngjiàwèifǎnxiānchējīnméngjiàngjiàwèifǎnxiānchē
wàngxiējīndānshèngshuǐjìncháotíngshòunánshān。」wàngxiējīndānshèngshuǐjìncháotíng寿shòunánshān。」

逐句解 Line by line

xiānleqíngzhejiǎnduìmiànqiándǎoyángchénbàicháoshàngzòudào xiānleqíngzhejiǎnduìmiànqiándǎoyángchénbàicháoshàngzòudào

Tiger-Power the Immortal, robed now in his vestments and holding up the jade tablet, danced and scattered dust before the altar, then prostrated himself on the ground and, facing upward, made his declaration on high:

披了法衣: = le. 擎著玉簡: durative = zhe; the 玉簡 is the jade audience-tablet a priest bears when addressing the gods. 朝上: = cháo, “facing upward.” 啟奏 “to declare, memorialize” (as to a throne).

chénghuángchéngkǒngshǒuguī chénghuángchéngkǒngshǒuguī

“In utter fear and trembling, we bow our heads and take refuge;

誠惶誠恐 “in all sincerity, awe and dread” — the fixed formula of humble address to a sovereign, turned here upon the gods. 稽首 (qǐshǒu) “to knock the head to the ground.” 歸依 “to take refuge, submit” (cf. Buddhist 皈依).

chénděngxīngjiàoyǎngwàngqīng chénděngxīngjiàoyǎngwàngqīng

we your servants exalt the Teaching, our eyes lifted to the Pure Void.

臣等 “we, your servants.” 興教: = xīng, “to raise up, promote”; = jiào, “the Teaching.” 清虛 “the Pure Void” — the empyrean of the Daoist heavens.

mièsēngjìngdàoguānghuī mièsēngjìngdàoguānghuī

We have put down the mean and vulgar monks, and honoured the Way in its splendour.

滅僧 “to wipe out the monks”; 鄙俚 “base and vulgar.” 敬道光輝 “revere the radiance of the Way” — the anti-Buddhist creed framing the whole 車遲國 arc.

chìxiūbǎo殿diànzhìtíngwéi chìxiūbǎo殿diànzhìtíngwéi

By imperial warrant we raised the treasure-halls, by royal command the courts and chambers.

敕修 “built by imperial decree”; 御製 “made by the sovereign's command.” 庭闈 “the courtyard and inner gate-chambers.” The couplet advertises royal patronage of the Daoists.

guǎngchéngòngyǎnggāoguàlóng 广guǎngchéngòngyǎnggāoguàlóng

Broadly we set out the offerings, and high we hung the dragon-banners.

廣陳 “to lay out in abundance.” 供養: = gòng, “offerings.” 龍旗 “dragon-emblazoned banners” — imperial insignia.

tōngxiāobǐngzhúzhènxiāngfén tōngxiāobǐngzhúzhènxiāngfén

The whole night through we have held the candles, all day long we have burned the incense.

通宵 “the entire night.” 秉燭 “to hold a candle.” 鎮日 “all day long.” 香焚 “incense is burned.”

chéngshàngcùnjìngqiánguī chéngshàngcùnjìngqiánguī

Our single sincerity reaches those on high; our least reverence returns in piety.

一誠 “single, undivided sincerity” ( 2nd tone, so = ). 達上 “to reach the ones above.” 寸敬 “an inch of reverence” — ritual self-diminishment.

jīnméngjiàngjiàwèifǎnxiānchē jīnméngjiàngjiàwèifǎnxiānchē

Now, favoured with your descent, while the immortal carriage has not yet turned back —

“to be favoured with, receive.” 降駕: = jiàng, “to bring the carriage down, descend.” 仙車 “the immortals' chariot.”

wàngxiējīndānshèngshuǐjìncháotíngshòunánshān。」 wàngxiējīndānshèngshuǐjìncháotíng寿shòunánshān。」

we beg you grant a little golden elixir and holy water, to present to the court, that its years may rival the Southern Mountain.”

望賜 “we hope you bestow.” 進與朝廷: = cháo, “to present to the imperial court.” 壽比南山 “may your span match the Southern Mountain” — a stock benediction of longevity (from the 詩經).


總評 Commentary

Tiger-Power's prayer is a small masterpiece of misdirected liturgy: cast in the tetrasyllabic parallel form of a memorial to the throne (誠惶誠恐 is the very opening of a Tang-Song court petition), it addresses gods who are not there and boasts of a piety built on the persecution of monks. The register is impeccably solemn; the situation is a farce, since the “Venerable” being petitioned is Sun Wukong sitting in an idol's seat. The closing 壽比南山 ties the whole performance to its true audience — the credulous king whose favour the immortals are angling to keep.