第四十回 · 推挨馱負 Shirking and Shifting the Carrying — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

推挨馱負 Shirking and Shifting the Carrying

八bā戒jiè聽tīng說shuō，扛káng住zhù行xíng者zhě道dào：「哥gē哥gē，這zhè等děng一yí個gè小xiǎo孩hái子zi家jiā，你nǐ只zhǐ管guǎn盤pán詰jié他tā怎zěn的de？他tā說shuō得dé是shì強qiáng盜dào，只zhǐ打dǎ劫jié他tā些xiē浮fú財cái，莫mò成chéng連lián房fáng屋wū田tián產chǎn也yě劫jié得dé去qù？若ruò與yǔ他tā親qīn戚qī們men說shuō了le，我wǒ們men縱zòng有yǒu廣guǎng大dà食shí腸cháng，也yě吃chī不bù了liǎo他tā十shí畝mǔ田tián價jià。救jiù他tā下xià來lái罷ba。」獃dāi子zi只zhǐ是shì想xiǎng著zhe吃chī食shí，那nǎ裡lǐ管guǎn甚shén麼me好hǎo歹dǎi，使shǐ戒jiè刀dāo挑tiāo斷duàn繩shéng索suǒ，放fàng下xià怪guài來lái。那nà怪guài對duì唐táng僧sēng馬mǎ下xià淚lèi汪wāng汪wāng，只zhǐ情qíng磕kē頭tóu。長zhǎng老lǎo心xīn慈cí，便biàn叫jiào：「孩hái兒ér，你nǐ上shàng馬mǎ來lái，我wǒ帶dài你nǐ去qù。」那nà怪guài道dào：「師shī父fù啊a，我wǒ手shǒu腳jiǎo都dōu吊diào麻má了le，腰yāo胯kuà疼téng痛tòng；一yì則zé是shì鄉xiāng下xià人rén家jiā，不bú慣guàn騎qí馬mǎ。」唐táng僧sēng叫jiào八bā戒jiè馱tuó著zhe。那nà妖yāo怪guài抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「師shī父fù，我wǒ的de皮pí膚fū都dōu凍dòng熟shú了le，不bù敢gǎn要yào這zhè位wèi師shī父fù馱tuó。他tā的de嘴zuǐ長cháng耳ěr大dà，腦nǎo後hòu鬃zōng硬yìng，搠shuò得de我wǒ慌huāng。」唐táng僧sēng道dào：「教jiào沙shā和hé尚shàng馱tuó著zhe。」那nà怪guài也yě抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「師shī父fù，那nà些xiē賊zéi來lái打dǎ劫jié我wǒ家jiā時shí，一yí個gè個gè都dōu搽chá了le花huā臉liǎn，帶dài假jiǎ鬍hú子zi，拿ná刀dāo弄nòng杖zhàng的de。我wǒ被bèi他tā諕xià怕pà了le，見jiàn這zhè位wèi晦huì氣qì臉liǎn的de師shī父fù，一yì發fā沒méi了le魂hún了le，也yě不bù敢gǎn要yào他tā馱tuó。」唐táng僧sēng教jiào孫sūn行xíng者zhě馱tuó著zhe。行xíng者zhě呵hē呵hē笑xiào道dào：「我wǒ馱tuó，我wǒ馱tuó。」那nà怪guài物wù暗àn自zì歡huān喜xǐ，順shùn順shùn當dāng當dāng的de要yào行xíng者zhě馱tuó他tā。八bā戒jiè听tīng说shuō，扛káng住zhù行xíng者zhě道dào：「哥gē哥gē，这zhè等děng一yí个gè小xiǎo孩hái子zi家jiā，你nǐ只zhǐ管guǎn盘pán诘jié他tā怎zěn的de？他tā说shuō得dé是shì强qiáng盗dào，只zhǐ打dǎ劫jié他tā些xiē浮fú财cái，莫mò成chéng连lián房fáng屋wū田tián产chǎn也yě劫jié得dé去qù？若ruò与yǔ他tā亲qīn戚qī们men说shuō了le，我wǒ们men纵zòng有yǒu广guǎng大dà食shí肠cháng，也yě吃chī不bù了liǎo他tā十shí亩mǔ田tián价jià。救jiù他tā下xià来lái罢ba。」呆dāi子zi只zhǐ是shì想xiǎng着zhe吃chī食shí，那nǎ里lǐ管guǎn甚shén么me好hǎo歹dǎi，使shǐ戒jiè刀dāo挑tiāo断duàn绳shéng索suǒ，放fàng下xià怪guài来lái。那nà怪guài对duì唐táng僧sēng马mǎ下xià泪lèi汪wāng汪wāng，只zhǐ情qíng磕kē头tóu。长zhǎng老lǎo心xīn慈cí，便biàn叫jiào：「孩hái儿ér，你nǐ上shàng马mǎ来lái，我wǒ带dài你nǐ去qù。」那nà怪guài道dào：「师shī父fù啊a，我wǒ手shǒu脚jiǎo都dōu吊diào麻má了le，腰yāo胯kuà疼téng痛tòng；一yì则zé是shì乡xiāng下xià人rén家jiā，不bú惯guàn骑qí马mǎ。」唐táng僧sēng叫jiào八bā戒jiè驮tuó着zhe。那nà妖yāo怪guài抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「师shī父fù，我wǒ的de皮pí肤fū都dōu冻dòng熟shú了le，不bù敢gǎn要yào这zhè位wèi师shī父fù驮tuó。他tā的de嘴zuǐ长cháng耳ěr大dà，脑nǎo后hòu鬃zōng硬yìng，搠shuò得de我wǒ慌huāng。」唐táng僧sēng道dào：「教jiào沙shā和hé尚shàng驮tuó着zhe。」那nà怪guài也yě抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「师shī父fù，那nà些xiē贼zéi来lái打dǎ劫jié我wǒ家jiā时shí，一yí个gè个gè都dōu搽chá了le花huā脸liǎn，带dài假jiǎ胡hú子zi，拿ná刀dāo弄nòng杖zhàng的de。我wǒ被bèi他tā諕xià怕pà了le，见jiàn这zhè位wèi晦huì气qì脸liǎn的de师shī父fù，一yì发fā没méi了le魂hún了le，也yě不bù敢gǎn要yào他tā驮tuó。」唐táng僧sēng教jiào孙sūn行xíng者zhě驮tuó着zhe。行xíng者zhě呵hē呵hē笑xiào道dào：「我wǒ驮tuó，我wǒ驮tuó。」那nà怪guài物wù暗àn自zì欢huān喜xǐ，顺shùn顺shùn当dāng当dāng的de要yào行xíng者zhě驮tuó他tā。

逐句解 Line by line

八bā戒jiè聽tīng說shuō，扛káng住zhù行xíng者zhě道dào：「哥gē哥gē，這zhè等děng一yí個gè小xiǎo孩hái子zi家jiā，你nǐ只zhǐ管guǎn盤pán詰jié他tā怎zěn的de？八bā戒jiè听tīng说shuō，扛káng住zhù行xíng者zhě道dào：「哥gē哥gē，这zhè等děng一yí个gè小xiǎo孩hái子zi家jiā，你nǐ只zhǐ管guǎn盘pán诘jié他tā怎zěn的de？

Eight Rules, hearing this, held Pilgrim back and said: "Brother, such a little child as this — why do you keep interrogating him?

扛住 = "to hold/block." 小孩子家: suffix 子 = zi. 盤詰 = "to interrogate."

他tā說shuō得dé是shì強qiáng盜dào，只zhǐ打dǎ劫jié他tā些xiē浮fú財cái，莫mò成chéng連lián房fáng屋wū田tián產chǎn也yě劫jié得dé去qù？他tā说shuō得dé是shì强qiáng盗dào，只zhǐ打dǎ劫jié他tā些xiē浮fú财cái，莫mò成chéng连lián房fáng屋wū田tián产chǎn也yě劫jié得dé去qù？

He says it was bandits who only robbed him of some loose property — surely they couldn't have carried off the houses and fields as well?

他說得是強盜: 得 = dé ("says it was—"); 強 = qiáng ("strong," robber). 也劫得去: 得 = dé.

若ruò與yǔ他tā親qīn戚qī們men說shuō了le，我wǒ們men縱zòng有yǒu廣guǎng大dà食shí腸cháng，也yě吃chī不bù了liǎo他tā十shí畝mǔ田tián價jià。若ruò与yǔ他tā亲qīn戚qī们men说shuō了le，我wǒ们men纵zòng有yǒu广guǎng大dà食shí肠cháng，也yě吃chī不bù了liǎo他tā十shí亩mǔ田tián价jià。

If we spoke with his kin, then even with our vast appetites we couldn't eat up his ten acres' worth of land.

說了: aspect 了 = le. 吃不了他十畝田價: 了 = liǎo ("finish, exhaust," 吃不了 "cannot eat up").

救jiù他tā下xià來lái罷ba。」救jiù他tā下xià来lái罢ba。」

Let's just save him down."

救他下來罷: sentence-final particle 罷 = ba.

獃dāi子zi只zhǐ是shì想xiǎng著zhe吃chī食shí，那nǎ裡lǐ管guǎn甚shén麼me好hǎo歹dǎi，使shǐ戒jiè刀dāo挑tiāo斷duàn繩shéng索suǒ，放fàng下xià怪guài來lái。呆dāi子zi只zhǐ是shì想xiǎng着zhe吃chī食shí，那nǎ里lǐ管guǎn甚shén么me好hǎo歹dǎi，使shǐ戒jiè刀dāo挑tiāo断duàn绳shéng索suǒ，放fàng下xià怪guài来lái。

The blockhead, his mind only on getting fed, cared nothing for good or ill, used his precept-knife to cut through the cords, and let the monster down.

只是想著: durative 著 = zhe. 那裡管甚麼: rhetorical 那裡 = nǎ lǐ ("cared nothing for—"); 甚 = shén.

那nà怪guài對duì唐táng僧sēng馬mǎ下xià淚lèi汪wāng汪wāng，只zhǐ情qíng磕kē頭tóu。那nà怪guài对duì唐táng僧sēng马mǎ下xià泪lèi汪wāng汪wāng，只zhǐ情qíng磕kē头tóu。

That monster, before the Tang Priest's horse, wept streaming tears and did nothing but kowtow.

那怪: deictic 那 = nà. 只情磕頭 = "did nothing but knock his head."

長zhǎng老lǎo心xīn慈cí，便biàn叫jiào：「孩hái兒ér，你nǐ上shàng馬mǎ來lái，我wǒ帶dài你nǐ去qù。」长zhǎng老lǎo心xīn慈cí，便biàn叫jiào：「孩hái儿ér，你nǐ上shàng马mǎ来lái，我wǒ带dài你nǐ去qù。」

The elder, tender of heart, then called: "Child, mount up here, and I'll take you along."

長老心慈: 長 = zhǎng. 孩兒: 兒 = ér (standalone, "child").

那nà怪guài道dào：「師shī父fù啊a，我wǒ手shǒu腳jiǎo都dōu吊diào麻má了le，腰yāo胯kuà疼téng痛tòng；那nà怪guài道dào：「师shī父fù啊a，我wǒ手shǒu脚jiǎo都dōu吊diào麻má了le，腰yāo胯kuà疼téng痛tòng；

That monster said: "Master, my hands and feet are all hung numb, my waist and hips ache;

那怪: deictic 那 = nà. 都吊麻了: 都 = dōu ("all").

一yì則zé是shì鄉xiāng下xià人rén家jiā，不bú慣guàn騎qí馬mǎ。」一yì则zé是shì乡xiāng下xià人rén家jiā，不bú惯guàn骑qí马mǎ。」

and besides, being a country person, I'm not used to riding a horse."

一則是鄉下人家: 一 sandhi → yì before 則 (2nd tone). mechanical sandhi leaves 不 as bú before 慣 (4th tone).

唐táng僧sēng叫jiào八bā戒jiè馱tuó著zhe。唐táng僧sēng叫jiào八bā戒jiè驮tuó着zhe。

The Tang Monk bade Eight Rules carry him.

叫八戒馱著: causative 叫 = jiào; durative 著 = zhe.

那nà妖yāo怪guài抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「師shī父fù，我wǒ的de皮pí膚fū都dōu凍dòng熟shú了le，不bù敢gǎn要yào這zhè位wèi師shī父fù馱tuó。那nà妖yāo怪guài抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「师shī父fù，我wǒ的de皮pí肤fū都dōu冻dòng熟shú了le，不bù敢gǎn要yào这zhè位wèi师shī父fù驮tuó。

That monster stole a glance and said: "Master, my skin's all frozen numb — I daren't have this master carry me.

那妖怪: deictic 那 = nà. 抹了一眼: 一 sandhi → yì before 眼 (3rd tone). 都凍熟了: 都 = dōu.

他tā的de嘴zuǐ長cháng耳ěr大dà，腦nǎo後hòu鬃zōng硬yìng，搠shuò得de我wǒ慌huāng。」他tā的de嘴zuǐ长cháng耳ěr大dà，脑nǎo后hòu鬃zōng硬yìng，搠shuò得de我wǒ慌huāng。」

His snout's long and his ears big, the bristles behind his head are stiff — he'd jab me and fluster me."

嘴長: 長 = cháng ("long"). 搠得我慌: complement 得 = de.

唐táng僧sēng道dào：「教jiào沙shā和hé尚shàng馱tuó著zhe。」唐táng僧sēng道dào：「教jiào沙shā和hé尚shàng驮tuó着zhe。」

The Tang Monk said: "Then let Sha Monk carry him."

教沙和尚馱著: causative 教 = jiào; durative 著 = zhe.

那nà怪guài也yě抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「師shī父fù，那nà些xiē賊zéi來lái打dǎ劫jié我wǒ家jiā時shí，一yí個gè個gè都dōu搽chá了le花huā臉liǎn，帶dài假jiǎ鬍hú子zi，拿ná刀dāo弄nòng杖zhàng的de。那nà怪guài也yě抹mǒ了le一yì眼yǎn道dào：「师shī父fù，那nà些xiē贼zéi来lái打dǎ劫jié我wǒ家jiā时shí，一yí个gè个gè都dōu搽chá了le花huā脸liǎn，带dài假jiǎ胡hú子zi，拿ná刀dāo弄nòng杖zhàng的de。

That monster also stole a glance and said: "Master, when those bandits came to rob our house, every one of them had a painted face, wore false whiskers, and brandished blade and cudgel.

那怪: deictic 那 = nà. 那些賊: deictic 那 = nà. 一個個都搽了: 一 sandhi → yí before 個 (4th tone); 都 = dōu; suffix 子 (鬍子) = zi.

我wǒ被bèi他tā諕xià怕pà了le，見jiàn這zhè位wèi晦huì氣qì臉liǎn的de師shī父fù，一yì發fā沒méi了le魂hún了le，也yě不bù敢gǎn要yào他tā馱tuó。」我wǒ被bèi他tā諕xià怕pà了le，见jiàn这zhè位wèi晦huì气qì脸liǎn的de师shī父fù，一yì发fā没méi了le魂hún了le，也yě不bù敢gǎn要yào他tā驮tuó。」

They so frightened me that at the sight of this ill-favored master I've quite lost my wits — I daren't have him carry me either."

諕怕了: 諕 = xià ("frightened"; pypinyin mis-defaults háo). 一發沒了魂了: 一 sandhi → yì before 發 (1st tone); 沒 = méi.

唐táng僧sēng教jiào孫sūn行xíng者zhě馱tuó著zhe。唐táng僧sēng教jiào孙sūn行xíng者zhě驮tuó着zhe。

The Tang Monk bade Sun Pilgrim carry him.

教孫行者馱著: causative 教 = jiào; 行 = xíng; durative 著 = zhe.

行xíng者zhě呵hē呵hē笑xiào道dào：「我wǒ馱tuó，我wǒ馱tuó。」行xíng者zhě呵hē呵hē笑xiào道dào：「我wǒ驮tuó，我wǒ驮tuó。」

Pilgrim laughed a ha-ha and said: "I'll carry him, I'll carry him."

呵呵笑 = a knowing laugh — Wukong sees the demon's game and plays along.

那nà怪guài物wù暗àn自zì歡huān喜xǐ，順shùn順shùn當dāng當dāng的de要yào行xíng者zhě馱tuó他tā。那nà怪guài物wù暗àn自zì欢huān喜xǐ，顺shùn顺shùn当dāng当dāng的de要yào行xíng者zhě驮tuó他tā。

That monster secretly rejoiced, and quite contentedly had Pilgrim carry him.

那怪物: deictic 那 = nà. 順順當當的: subordinating 的 = de; 當當 = dāng dāng ("smoothly, just so"). 要行者馱他: 行 = xíng.

總評 Commentary

The decision goes against Wukong, and it goes against him twice over — through Bajie's appetite and through the Master's mercy. Bajie, whose interest in the rescue is frankly culinary (he reasons that the child's fields and kin might yield a meal, and cannot be eaten up whatever their extent), holds Wukong back and cuts the cords himself; Tripitaka, tender-hearted, completes the error by offering the child a place on the horse. Wukong, silenced since the threat of the fillet, does not now resist; the collective will of the party has overruled the one member who sees clearly.

The passage's comedy is in the carrying, and it is comedy with a blade inside it. The false child, offered mount after bearer, refuses each in turn with a plausible excuse — too numb to ride, too frightened of Bajie's snout and Sha Monk's ghastly face — until only Wukong is left. The demon's aim is transparent to the reader and, crucially, to Wukong: he wants to be borne by the one disciple who threatens him, the better to strike at him unawares. Wukong's 呵呵笑 ("ha-ha laugh") and ready "I'll carry him, I'll carry him" signal that he has seen the maneuver exactly and means to counter it — the contest between them, fought to a draw in words, now moves onto Wukong's own back. The demon 暗自歡喜 ("secretly rejoices"), believing he has maneuvered his enemy into vulnerability; Wukong, laughing, believes the opposite. Batch 4 ends with the trap sprung and both antagonists, for opposite reasons, satisfied — the collision itself deferred to the passages ahead.