第四十回
嬰兒戲化禪心亂
猿馬刀圭木母空
The Baby, Playing at Transformation, Throws the Chan-Mind into Chaos · Ape and Horse, the Sword-Crucible and Wood-Mother, Come to Naught
原文 Original text
繁體 Traditional
Reader's edition
含詞賦 With rhapsody
羊腸秋色
Autumn Colors on the Winding Road
那唐僧一行四僧,上了羊腸大路,一心裡專拜靈山。正值秋盡冬初時節,但見:那唐僧一行四僧,上了羊肠大路,一心里专拜灵山。正值秋尽冬初时节,但见:
霜凋紅葉林林瘦,雨熟黃粱處處盈。霜凋红叶林林瘦,雨熟黄粱处处盈。
日暖嶺梅開曉色,風搖山竹動寒聲。日暖岭梅开晓色,风摇山竹动寒声。
逐句解 Line by line
那唐僧一行四僧,上了羊腸大路,一心裡專拜靈山。
那唐僧一行四僧,上了羊肠大路,一心里专拜灵山。
That company of Tang Priest and his four monks took to the winding, goat-gut road, their hearts set on nothing but paying homage at Vulture Peak.
那唐僧: deictic 那 = nà. 一行 ("the company/party"): 行 read xíng, not háng.
正值秋盡冬初時節,但見:
正值秋尽冬初时节,但见:
Just as they came upon the turn from autumn's end to winter's first chill, this is what they saw:
秋盡冬初: 盡 = jìn (GLOBAL_PY invariant, "to end").
霜凋紅葉林林瘦,雨熟黃粱處處盈。
霜凋红叶林林瘦,雨熟黄粱处处盈。
Frost withers the red leaves, grove on grove grown gaunt; rain ripens the yellow millet, plot on plot brimming full.
The couplet's parallelism (林林瘦 / 處處盈) pairs a wasting image with a filling one — decline and harvest in the same breath, apt for the season astride autumn and winter.
日暖嶺梅開曉色,風搖山竹動寒聲。
日暖岭梅开晓色,风摇山竹动寒声。
The sun warms the plum trees on the ridge, opening their dawn hues; the wind shakes the mountain bamboo, stirring its cold-weather sound.
A brief, self-contained seasonal set-piece — half a month has passed since leaving Wūjī, and this quatrain is the narrative's only marker of elapsed time before the mountain proper comes into view.
總評 Commentary
This short quatrain is a hinge of a different kind from the chapter's opening passage: not a plot hinge but a temporal one. Between the farewell at Wūjī's border and the sighting of the mountain that will house the Red Boy, half a month of travel is compressed into four lines of conventional autumn imagery — withering leaves, ripening grain, blossoming ridge-plums, wind-stirred bamboo. Nothing in the verse itself is ominous; its function is pacing, the kind of brief seasonal tableau that recurs throughout the novel to mark the passage of uneventful road between one adventure and the next.
Read against the chapter title, though, the quatrain's very placidity is doing quiet work. 風搖山竹動寒聲, "the wind shakes the mountain bamboo, stirring its cold-weather sound," is the last wholly untroubled image before the narrative's tone shifts: the next block introduces a mountain 真個是摩天礙日, "truly one that scrapes Heaven and blocks the sun," and from there the descriptive register turns from lyric to menacing. The autumn couplet is the calm the reader is meant to register as a calm, precisely so that the change in weather — literal and dramatic both — will register as a change.