第四十回 · 行者揭謊 Pilgrim Unmasks the Lie — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

行者揭謊 Pilgrim Unmasks the Lie

三sān藏zàng聞wén言yán，認rèn了le真zhēn實shí，就jiù教jiào八bā戒jiè解jiě放fàng繩shéng索suǒ，救jiù他tā下xià來lái。那nà獃dāi子zi也yě不bù識shí人rén，便biàn要yào上shàng前qián動dòng手shǒu。行xíng者zhě在zài傍bàng，忍rěn不bú住zhù喝hē了le一yì聲shēng道dào：「那nà潑pō物wù！有yǒu認rèn得dé你nǐ的de在zài這zhè裡lǐ哩lī，莫mò要yào只zhǐ管guǎn架jià空kōng搗dǎo鬼guǐ，說shuō謊huǎng哄hǒng人rén。你nǐ既jì家jiā私sī被bèi劫jié，父fù被bèi賊zéi傷shāng，母mǔ被bèi人rén擄lǔ，救jiù你nǐ去qù交jiāo與yǔ誰shuí人rén？你nǐ將jiāng何hé物wù與yǔ我wǒ作zuò謝xiè？這zhè謊huǎng脫tuō節jié了le耶yé。」那nà怪guài聞wén言yán，心xīn中zhōng害hài怕pà，就jiù知zhī大dà聖shèng是shì個gè能néng人rén，暗àn將jiāng他tā放fàng在zài心xīn上shàng。卻què又yòu戰zhàn戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，滴dī淚lèi而ér言yán曰yuē：「師shī父fù，雖suī然rán我wǒ父fù母mǔ空kōng亡wáng，家jiā財cái盡jìn絕jué，還hái有yǒu些xiē田tián產chǎn未wèi動dòng，親qīn戚qī皆jiē存cún。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「你nǐ有yǒu甚shén麼me親qīn戚qī？」妖yāo怪guài道dào：「我wǒ外wài公gōng家jiā在zài山shān南nán，姑gū娘niáng住zhù居jū嶺lǐng北běi，澗jiàn頭tóu李lǐ四sì是shì我wǒ姨yí夫fū，林lín內nèi紅hóng三sān是shì我wǒ族zú伯bó，還hái有yǒu堂táng叔shū、堂táng兄xiōng都dōu住zhù在zài本běn莊zhuāng左zuǒ右yòu。老lǎo師shī父fù若ruò肯kěn救jiù我wǒ，到dào了le莊zhuāng上shàng，見jiàn了le諸zhū親qīn，將jiāng老lǎo師shī父fù拯zhěng救jiù之zhī恩ēn，一yī一yī對duì眾zhòng言yán說shuō，典diǎn賣mài些xiē田tián產chǎn，重chóng重chóng酬chóu謝xiè也yě。」三sān藏zàng闻wén言yán，认rèn了le真zhēn实shí，就jiù教jiào八bā戒jiè解jiě放fàng绳shéng索suǒ，救jiù他tā下xià来lái。那nà呆dāi子zi也yě不bù识shí人rén，便biàn要yào上shàng前qián动dòng手shǒu。行xíng者zhě在zài傍bàng，忍rěn不bú住zhù喝hē了le一yì声shēng道dào：「那nà泼pō物wù！有yǒu认rèn得dé你nǐ的de在zài这zhè里lǐ哩lī，莫mò要yào只zhǐ管guǎn架jià空kōng捣dǎo鬼guǐ，说shuō谎huǎng哄hǒng人rén。你nǐ既jì家jiā私sī被bèi劫jié，父fù被bèi贼zéi伤shāng，母mǔ被bèi人rén掳lǔ，救jiù你nǐ去qù交jiāo与yǔ谁shuí人rén？你nǐ将jiāng何hé物wù与yǔ我wǒ作zuò谢xiè？这zhè谎huǎng脱tuō节jié了le耶yé。」那nà怪guài闻wén言yán，心xīn中zhōng害hài怕pà，就jiù知zhī大dà圣shèng是shì个gè能néng人rén，暗àn将jiāng他tā放fàng在zài心xīn上shàng。却què又yòu战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，滴dī泪lèi而ér言yán曰yuē：「师shī父fù，虽suī然rán我wǒ父fù母mǔ空kōng亡wáng，家jiā财cái尽jìn绝jué，还hái有yǒu些xiē田tián产chǎn未wèi动dòng，亲qīn戚qī皆jiē存cún。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「你nǐ有yǒu甚shén么me亲qīn戚qī？」妖yāo怪guài道dào：「我wǒ外wài公gōng家jiā在zài山shān南nán，姑gū娘niáng住zhù居jū岭lǐng北běi，涧jiàn头tóu李lǐ四sì是shì我wǒ姨yí夫fū，林lín内nèi红hóng三sān是shì我wǒ族zú伯bó，还hái有yǒu堂táng叔shū、堂táng兄xiōng都dōu住zhù在zài本běn庄zhuāng左zuǒ右yòu。老lǎo师shī父fù若ruò肯kěn救jiù我wǒ，到dào了le庄zhuāng上shàng，见jiàn了le诸zhū亲qīn，将jiāng老lǎo师shī父fù拯zhěng救jiù之zhī恩ēn，一yī一yī对duì众zhòng言yán说shuō，典diǎn卖mài些xiē田tián产chǎn，重chóng重chóng酬chóu谢xiè也yě。」

逐句解 Line by line

三sān藏zàng聞wén言yán，認rèn了le真zhēn實shí，就jiù教jiào八bā戒jiè解jiě放fàng繩shéng索suǒ，救jiù他tā下xià來lái。三sān藏zàng闻wén言yán，认rèn了le真zhēn实shí，就jiù教jiào八bā戒jiè解jiě放fàng绳shéng索suǒ，救jiù他tā下xià来lái。

Tripitaka, hearing this, took it for the truth, and at once bade Eight Rules loose the cords and save the child down.

三藏: 藏 = zàng. 認了真實: aspect 了 = le. 就教八戒: causative 教 = jiào.

那nà獃dāi子zi也yě不bù識shí人rén，便biàn要yào上shàng前qián動dòng手shǒu。那nà呆dāi子zi也yě不bù识shí人rén，便biàn要yào上shàng前qián动dòng手shǒu。

That blockhead, not knowing people either, was about to step up and set to.

那獃子: deictic 那 = nà; suffix 子 = zi. mechanical sandhi leaves 不 as bù before 識 (2nd tone).

行xíng者zhě在zài傍bàng，忍rěn不bú住zhù喝hē了le一yì聲shēng道dào：「那nà潑pō物wù！行xíng者zhě在zài傍bàng，忍rěn不bú住zhù喝hē了le一yì声shēng道dào：「那nà泼pō物wù！

Pilgrim, standing by, could not hold back and shouted: "That vile thing!

在傍: 傍 = bàng ("beside"). 忍不住: mechanical sandhi raises 不 to bú before 住 (4th tone). 那潑物: deictic 那 = nà.

有yǒu認rèn得dé你nǐ的de在zài這zhè裡lǐ哩lī，莫mò要yào只zhǐ管guǎn架jià空kōng搗dǎo鬼guǐ，說shuō謊huǎng哄hǒng人rén。有yǒu认rèn得dé你nǐ的de在zài这zhè里lǐ哩lī，莫mò要yào只zhǐ管guǎn架jià空kōng捣dǎo鬼guǐ，说shuō谎huǎng哄hǒng人rén。

There's one here who knows you — no use forever conjuring tricks out of thin air and telling lies to fool people.

有認得你的: 得 = dé ("one who recognizes you"). 架空搗鬼: 搗 = dǎo ("to play tricks"; 搗鬼).

你nǐ既jì家jiā私sī被bèi劫jié，父fù被bèi賊zéi傷shāng，母mǔ被bèi人rén擄lǔ，救jiù你nǐ去qù交jiāo與yǔ誰shuí人rén？你nǐ既jì家jiā私sī被bèi劫jié，父fù被bèi贼zéi伤shāng，母mǔ被bèi人rén掳lǔ，救jiù你nǐ去qù交jiāo与yǔ谁shuí人rén？

Your family's goods plundered, your father hurt by bandits, your mother carried off by men — save you and hand you over to whom?

交與誰人 = "hand over to what person?" — Wukong's practical thrust puncturing the sob-story.

你nǐ將jiāng何hé物wù與yǔ我wǒ作zuò謝xiè？你nǐ将jiāng何hé物wù与yǔ我wǒ作zuò谢xiè？

And what would you give me by way of thanks?

你將何物: disposal 將 = jiāng.

這zhè謊huǎng脫tuō節jié了le耶yé。」这zhè谎huǎng脱tuō节jié了le耶yé。」

This lie of yours has come apart at the joints!"

這謊脫節了耶: aspect 了 = le; 耶 (yé) a vernacular particle. 脫節 = "come apart, fall through."

那nà怪guài聞wén言yán，心xīn中zhōng害hài怕pà，就jiù知zhī大dà聖shèng是shì個gè能néng人rén，暗àn將jiāng他tā放fàng在zài心xīn上shàng。那nà怪guài闻wén言yán，心xīn中zhōng害hài怕pà，就jiù知zhī大dà圣shèng是shì个gè能néng人rén，暗àn将jiāng他tā放fàng在zài心xīn上shàng。

That monster, hearing this, was frightened at heart, and knew the Great Sage for a capable one, secretly marking him down in his mind.

那怪: deictic 那 = nà. 心中害怕: 中 = zhōng. 暗將他放在心上: disposal 將 = jiāng.

卻què又yòu戰zhàn戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，滴dī淚lèi而ér言yán曰yuē：「師shī父fù，雖suī然rán我wǒ父fù母mǔ空kōng亡wáng，家jiā財cái盡jìn絕jué，還hái有yǒu些xiē田tián產chǎn未wèi動dòng，親qīn戚qī皆jiē存cún。」却què又yòu战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，滴dī泪lèi而ér言yán曰yuē：「师shī父fù，虽suī然rán我wǒ父fù母mǔ空kōng亡wáng，家jiā财cái尽jìn绝jué，还hái有yǒu些xiē田tián产chǎn未wèi动dòng，亲qīn戚qī皆jiē存cún。」

Yet, still trembling, he shed tears and said: "Master, though my parents are gone and the family wealth all spent, there are still some fields left untouched, and my kin all survive."

家財盡絕: 盡 = jìn (GLOBAL). 還有些田產: 還 = hái ("still").

行xíng者zhě道dào：「你nǐ有yǒu甚shén麼me親qīn戚qī？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「你nǐ有yǒu甚shén么me亲qīn戚qī？」

Pilgrim said: "And what kin have you?"

有甚麼親戚: 甚 = shén.

妖yāo怪guài道dào：「我wǒ外wài公gōng家jiā在zài山shān南nán，姑gū娘niáng住zhù居jū嶺lǐng北běi，澗jiàn頭tóu李lǐ四sì是shì我wǒ姨yí夫fū，林lín內nèi紅hóng三sān是shì我wǒ族zú伯bó，還hái有yǒu堂táng叔shū、堂táng兄xiōng都dōu住zhù在zài本běn莊zhuāng左zuǒ右yòu。妖yāo怪guài道dào：「我wǒ外wài公gōng家jiā在zài山shān南nán，姑gū娘niáng住zhù居jū岭lǐng北běi，涧jiàn头tóu李lǐ四sì是shì我wǒ姨yí夫fū，林lín内nèi红hóng三sān是shì我wǒ族zú伯bó，还hái有yǒu堂táng叔shū、堂táng兄xiōng都dōu住zhù在zài本běn庄zhuāng左zuǒ右yòu。

The monster said: "My maternal grandfather's house is on the south of the mountain, my aunt lives north of the ridge; Li the Fourth at the gully-head is my mother's brother-in-law, Hong the Third in the wood is my clan-uncle, and there are cousins and elder cousins too, all living hereabouts in the village."

還有堂叔: 還 = hái ("there are also"). 都住在本莊: 都 = dōu ("all").

老lǎo師shī父fù若ruò肯kěn救jiù我wǒ，到dào了le莊zhuāng上shàng，見jiàn了le諸zhū親qīn，將jiāng老lǎo師shī父fù拯zhěng救jiù之zhī恩ēn，一yī一yī對duì眾zhòng言yán說shuō，典diǎn賣mài些xiē田tián產chǎn，重chóng重chóng酬chóu謝xiè也yě。」老lǎo师shī父fù若ruò肯kěn救jiù我wǒ，到dào了le庄zhuāng上shàng，见jiàn了le诸zhū亲qīn，将jiāng老lǎo师shī父fù拯zhěng救jiù之zhī恩ēn，一yī一yī对duì众zhòng言yán说shuō，典diǎn卖mài些xiē田tián产chǎn，重chóng重chóng酬chóu谢xiè也yě。」

"If you'd but save me, old Master, then when we reach the village and see all my kin, I'll tell everyone before the whole company of your saving grace, sell off some fields, and repay you richly and again."

到了莊上 / 見了諸親: aspect 了 = le. 將老師父: disposal 將 = jiāng. 一一對眾: 一一 reduplication, both 一 = yī (lexical, not sandhi-varying). 重重酬謝: 重 (x2) = chóng ("again and again," doubled).

總評 Commentary

Wukong's intervention is the passage's engine, and it works by a wholly different logic from the Master's. Where Tripitaka responds to the emotional shape of the child's story, Wukong tests its practical joints — if the family is destroyed, the father dead, the mother abducted, then to whom exactly is the rescued child to be delivered, and what could he possibly give in thanks? The question is unanswerable on the story's own terms, and Wukong's blunt 這謊脫節了 ("this lie has come apart at the joints") names the method: a fabrication, however moving, has a structure that can be pressed until it fails.

But the demon is a nimble liar, and the passage's real interest is in how he repairs the breach. Caught out, he does not abandon the story but extends it — suddenly there are surviving kin, an aunt, an uncle, cousins, named and located, a whole network to whom the child can be delivered and who will furnish the promised reward. The improvisation answers Wukong's objection precisely, and in doing so reveals the demon's intelligence: he has understood that the flaw Wukong exposed was a gap in the reward-structure, and he fills exactly that gap. The exchange also plants a quieter consequence — the demon, frightened by Wukong's penetration, now 暗將他放在心上 ("secretly marks him down in his mind"), fixing Wukong as the enemy to be removed. The contest of lie against skepticism has been fought to a draw; it will be decided instead, in the next passage, by Bajie's appetite and the Master's mercy overruling Wukong's judgment.