Canonical Classics ← 第四十九回
第四十九回
sānzàngyǒuzāichénshuǐzhái
guānyīnjiùnànxiànlán

Tripitaka Meets Disaster and Sinks in the Water Mansion · Guanyin, Saving from Peril, Appears with the Fish Basket

菩薩削篾
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

菩薩削篾 Guanyin at Her Weaving

xíngzhějiǔděngjiànxīnjiāodào:「lièwèichuánbàoshēngdànchílekǒngshāngshīzhīmìng。」zhūtiāndào:「gǎnbàofēnzhǐděngchūláili。」xíngzhěxìngděngzòngshēnwǎng便biànzǒuxíngzhějiǔděngjiànxīnjiāodào:「lièwèichuánbàoshēngdànchílekǒngshāngshīzhīmìng。」zhūtiāndào:「gǎnbàofēnzhǐděngchūláili。」xíngzhěxìngděngzòngshēnwǎng便biànzǒu

zhèměihóuwángxìngnéngquèbáozhèměihóuwángxìngnéngquèbáo
zhūtiānliúzhùyàowǎngbiānzhūtiānliúzhùyàowǎngbiān
zhuàishēnlínzhēngyǎntōuzhezhuàishēnlínzhēngyǎntōuzhe
yuǎnguānjiùzūnpánzuòchèncánruòyuǎnguānjiùzūnpánzuòchèncánruò
lǎnsǎnshūzhuāngróngyánduōchuòyuēlǎnsǎnshūzhuāngróngyánduōchuòyuē
sǎnwǎnwèicéngdàiyīngluòsǎnwǎnwèicéngdàiyīngluò
guàlánpáotiēshēnxiǎoǎoguàlánpáotiēshēnxiǎoǎo
mànyāoshùjǐnqúnchìleshuāngjiǎomànyāoshùjǐnqúnchìleshuāngjiǎo
jiānxiùdàijīngguāngliǎngjiānxiùdàijīngguāngliǎng
shǒuzhígāngdāozhèngzhúxiāoshǒuzhígāngdāozhèngzhúxiāo

逐句解 Line by line

xíngzhějiǔděngjiànxīnjiāodào:「lièwèichuánbàoshēngdànchílekǒngshāngshīzhīmìng。」 xíngzhějiǔděngjiànxīnjiāodào:「lièwèichuánbàoshēngdànchílekǒngshāngshīzhīmìng。」

Pilgrim waited a long while and still she did not appear. Growing anxious, he said: "Sirs, take word in for me — if it is delayed, I fear for my master's life."

心焦, anxious; 遲了 the aspect particle le. Wukong's impatience is the motor of the scene: it is what drives him past the attendants and into the grove uninvited.

zhūtiāndào:「gǎnbàofēnzhǐděngchūláili。」 zhūtiāndào:「gǎnbàofēnzhǐděngchūláili。」

The Devas said: "We dare not report you. The Bodhisattva's charge was only to wait until she comes out of herself."

the vernacular final particle li. The attendants' refusal is the obstacle that Wukong, characteristically, simply overrides.

xíngzhěxìngděngzòngshēnwǎng便biànzǒu xíngzhěxìngděngzòngshēnwǎng便biànzǒu

Pilgrim was hasty by nature; how could he wait there? He sprang up in a bound and went straight in.

那裡等得: 那裡 rhetorical, — "how could he wait?", a negation as a question; , potential. The impulsiveness is essential character, and the verse will make it the first thing it says of him.

Ah!

is the vernacular interjection of wonder, standing here as its own clause. The colon-marked exclamation opens the descriptive verse — ten couplets of the Bodhisattva as Wukong bursts in upon her.

zhèměihóuwángxìngnéngquèbáo zhèměihóuwángxìngnéngquèbáo

This Handsome Monkey King, hasty of temper, bold as a magpie;

鵲薄: read báo in the vernacular sense of thin or slight — 鵲薄 is a colloquial binome for flighty, rash, quick-tempered. The portrait opens not with Guanyin but with Wukong's rashness, which is what has brought the reader into the grove.

zhūtiānliúzhùyàowǎngbiān zhūtiānliúzhùyàowǎngbiān

the Devas could not hold him, as he made to stride within.

() properly means to clear the road for a royal progress; here it is stretched to Wukong's headlong entrance, an ironic dignity. The rhyme-word governs the couplet.

zhuàishēnlínzhēngyǎntōuzhe zhuàishēnlínzhēngyǎntōuzhe

Dragging his steps into the deep grove, he opened his eyes and stole a look:

拽步: read zhuài, "to drag, to stride" — pypinyin gives zhuāi, and the graph is corrected at every occurrence. 偷覷著: , to peer; durative zhe.

yuǎnguānjiùzūnpánzuòchèncánruò yuǎnguānjiùzūnpánzuòchèncánruò

from afar he beheld the Reliever of Suffering, seated cross-legged on a worn rush mat.

遠觀: guān, to behold. 救苦尊, the Reliever of Suffering, is Guanyin's epithet. 殘箬: (ruò), a broad bamboo-leaf, here the mat she sits on — she is at ground level, not on the lotus dais.

lǎnsǎnshūzhuāngróngyánduōchuòyuē lǎnsǎnshūzhuāngróngyánduōchuòyuē

Idle and loose, she had shrunk from dressing her hair; her face and features were soft and lovely still.

懶散: sǎn, the adjective "loose, idle." 綽約: chuò, graceful — 綽約 is the classical binome for supple beauty. The couplet marks the astonishing informality: the Bodhisattva undressed, unadorned.

sǎnwǎnwèicéngdàiyīngluò sǎnwǎnwèicéngdàiyīngluò

Her hair was gathered loosely in a single coil, not yet bound up with its tasselled net;

散挽: sǎn again, adjectival. 纓絡 (= 瓔珞), the jewelled net or chaplet that would ordinarily bind and crown the hair. Its absence is the point — she has none of her regalia on.

guàlánpáotiēshēnxiǎoǎo guàlánpáotiēshēnxiǎoǎo

she wore no plain blue robe, but a small close-fitting jacket bound to the body;

素藍袍, the plain blue robe of her usual iconography; 小襖, a short everyday jacket. The verse strips her, item by item, of the entire apparatus of her images.

mànyāoshùjǐnqúnchìleshuāngjiǎo mànyāoshùjǐnqúnchìleshuāngjiǎo

a brocade skirt loosely sashed at the waist, and a pair of feet left bare.

赤了一雙腳: "bare," the aspect particle le. Bare feet on a bodhisattva are startling in the iconographic context — the mark of complete unpreparedness, caught at private work.

jiānxiùdàijīngguāngliǎng jiānxiùdàijīngguāngliǎng

No embroidered stole across her shoulders; her two arms bright and bare.

臂膊: , the upper arm. 精光, quite bare. The catalogue of what she is not wearing has run nine couplets; the tenth will finally show what she is doing.

shǒuzhígāngdāozhèngzhúxiāo shǒuzhígāngdāozhèngzhúxiāo

In her jade hand she held a steel knife, and was paring strips of bamboo skin.

: xiāo in the sense of paring or whittling. 竹皮, the outer skin of the bamboo. The last line delivers the image the whole verse has withheld: the Bodhisattva of Mercy, undressed and barefoot on a rush mat, whittling bamboo with a kitchen knife.


總評 Commentary

This is the chapter's centre and one of the most quietly astonishing images in the novel. Guanyin is shown stripped of every attribute of her iconography — no blue robe, no jewelled chaplet, no embroidered stole, hair uncoiled, arms bare, feet bare — seated not on the lotus throne but on a worn rush mat, paring bamboo with a steel knife. The verse is built as a sustained withholding: nine couplets enumerate what she is not wearing and where she is not sitting, and only the tenth reveals the knife and the bamboo. The reader, arriving with Wukong, is made to see the goddess exactly as he does, unprepared and at manual work.

The informality is doctrinally pointed. The Bodhisattva has laid aside the whole regalia of her divine office to weave, with her own hands, the humble instrument — a bamboo basket — that will accomplish what all the pilgrims' weapons could not. The verse frames this with an irony in its very first couplet: it opens not on Guanyin's serenity but on Wukong's rashness (性急能鵲薄), and applies to his headlong entrance the word , the clearing of the road for a royal progress. He crashes in like an emperor's herald upon a goddess doing chores. The scene's power lies in the collision of registers — supreme compassion and homely labour, the Reliever of Suffering barefoot on a mat — and the novel trusts the image to carry its meaning without a word of gloss.