第三十九回 · 求丹訴冤 Pleading the Wrong, Begging the Elixir — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

求丹訴冤 Pleading the Wrong, Begging the Elixir

老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ不bù走zǒu路lù，潛qián入rù吾wú宮gōng怎zěn的de？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「自zì別bié後hòu，西xī遇yù一yì方fāng，名míng烏wū雞jī國guó。那nà國guó王wáng被bèi一yì妖yāo精jīng假jiǎ裝zhuāng道dào士shì，呼hū風fēng喚huàn雨yǔ，陰yīn害hài了le國guó王wáng，那nà妖yāo假jiǎ變biàn國guó王wáng相xiàng貌mào，現xiàn坐zuò金jīn鑾luán殿diàn上shàng。是shì我wǒ師shī父fù夜yè坐zuò寶bǎo林lín寺sì看kàn經jīng，那nà國guó王wáng鬼guǐ魂hún參cān拜bài我wǒ師shī，敦dūn請qǐng老lǎo孫sūn與yǔ他tā降xiáng妖yāo，辨biàn明míng邪xié正zhèng。正zhèng是shì老lǎo孫sūn思sī無wú指zhǐ實shí，與yǔ弟dì八bā戒jiè夜yè入rù園yuán中zhōng，打dǎ破pò花huā園yuán，尋xún著zháo埋mái藏cáng之zhī所suǒ，乃nǎi是shì一yì眼yǎn八bā角jiǎo琉liú璃lí井jǐng內nèi。撈lāo上shàng他tā的de屍shī首shǒu，容róng顏yán不bù改gǎi。到dào寺sì中zhōng見jiàn了le我wǒ師shī，他tā發fā慈cí悲bēi，著zhuó老lǎo孫sūn醫yī救jiù，不bù許xǔ去qù赴fù陰yīn司sī裡lǐ求qiú索suǒ靈líng魂hún，只zhǐ教jiào在zài陽yáng世shì間jiān救jiù治zhì。我wǒ想xiǎng著zhe無wú處chù回huí生shēng，特tè來lái參cān謁yè。萬wàn望wàng道dào祖zǔ垂chuí憐lián，把bǎ九jiǔ轉zhuǎn還huán魂hún丹dān借jiè得dé一yì千qiān丸wán兒er，與yǔ我wǒ老lǎo孫sūn，搭dā救jiù他tā也yě。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「這zhè猴hóu子zi胡hú說shuō，甚shén麼me一yì千qiān丸wán二èr千qiān丸wán，當dàng飯fàn吃chī哩lī？是shì那nǎ裡lǐ土tǔ塊kuài捘zùn的de，這zhè等děng容róng易yì？咄duō！快kuài去qù！沒méi有yǒu！」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「百bǎi十shí丸wán兒er也yě罷ba。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「也yě沒méi有yǒu。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「十shí來lái丸wán也yě罷ba。」老lǎo君jūn怒nù道dào：「這zhè潑pō猴hóu卻què也yě纏chán帳zhàng，沒méi有yǒu沒méi有yǒu，出chū去qù出chū去qù。」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「真zhēn個gè沒méi有yǒu，我wǒ問wèn別bié處chù去qù求qiú罷ba。」老lǎo君jūn喝hè道dào：「去qù去qù去qù！」這zhè大dà聖shèng拽zhuài轉zhuǎn步bù，往wǎng前qián就jiù走zǒu。老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ不bù走zǒu路lù，潜qián入rù吾wú宫gōng怎zěn的de？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「自zì别bié后hòu，西xī遇yù一yì方fāng，名míng乌wū鸡jī国guó。那nà国guó王wáng被bèi一yì妖yāo精jīng假jiǎ装zhuāng道dào士shì，呼hū风fēng唤huàn雨yǔ，阴yīn害hài了le国guó王wáng，那nà妖yāo假jiǎ变biàn国guó王wáng相xiàng貌mào，现xiàn坐zuò金jīn銮luán殿diàn上shàng。是shì我wǒ师shī父fù夜yè坐zuò宝bǎo林lín寺sì看kàn经jīng，那nà国guó王wáng鬼guǐ魂hún参cān拜bài我wǒ师shī，敦dūn请qǐng老lǎo孙sūn与yǔ他tā降xiáng妖yāo，辨biàn明míng邪xié正zhèng。正zhèng是shì老lǎo孙sūn思sī无wú指zhǐ实shí，与yǔ弟dì八bā戒jiè夜yè入rù园yuán中zhōng，打dǎ破pò花huā园yuán，寻xún着zháo埋mái藏cáng之zhī所suǒ，乃nǎi是shì一yì眼yǎn八bā角jiǎo琉liú璃lí井jǐng内nèi。捞lāo上shàng他tā的de尸shī首shǒu，容róng颜yán不bù改gǎi。到dào寺sì中zhōng见jiàn了le我wǒ师shī，他tā发fā慈cí悲bēi，着zhuó老lǎo孙sūn医yī救jiù，不bù许xǔ去qù赴fù阴yīn司sī里lǐ求qiú索suǒ灵líng魂hún，只zhǐ教jiào在zài阳yáng世shì间jiān救jiù治zhì。我wǒ想xiǎng着zhe无wú处chù回huí生shēng，特tè来lái参cān谒yè。万wàn望wàng道dào祖zǔ垂chuí怜lián，把bǎ九jiǔ转zhuǎn还huán魂hún丹dān借jiè得dé一yì千qiān丸wán儿er，与yǔ我wǒ老lǎo孙sūn，搭dā救jiù他tā也yě。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「这zhè猴hóu子zi胡hú说shuō，甚shén么me一yì千qiān丸wán二èr千qiān丸wán，当dàng饭fàn吃chī哩lī？是shì那nǎ里lǐ土tǔ块kuài捘zùn的de，这zhè等děng容róng易yì？咄duō！快kuài去qù！没méi有yǒu！」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「百bǎi十shí丸wán儿er也yě罢ba。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「也yě没méi有yǒu。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「十shí来lái丸wán也yě罢ba。」老lǎo君jūn怒nù道dào：「这zhè泼pō猴hóu却què也yě缠chán帐zhàng，没méi有yǒu没méi有yǒu，出chū去qù出chū去qù。」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「真zhēn个gè没méi有yǒu，我wǒ问wèn别bié处chù去qù求qiú罢ba。」老lǎo君jūn喝hè道dào：「去qù去qù去qù！」这zhè大dà圣shèng拽zhuài转zhuǎn步bù，往wǎng前qián就jiù走zǒu。

逐句解 Line by line

老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ不bù走zǒu路lù，潛qián入rù吾wú宮gōng怎zěn的de？」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ不bù走zǒu路lù，潜qián入rù吾wú宫gōng怎zěn的de？」

Lord Lao said: "You aren't on your road — so what are you doing, sneaking into my palace?"

潛入吾宮 = "steal into my palace." 怎的 = "what for, to what end."

行xíng者zhě道dào：「自zì別bié後hòu，西xī遇yù一yì方fāng，名míng烏wū雞jī國guó。行xíng者zhě道dào：「自zì别bié后hòu，西xī遇yù一yì方fāng，名míng乌wū鸡jī国guó。

Pilgrim said: "Since we parted, west along our way we came on a certain country, named Wūjī.

西遇一方 = "westward we met with a region." 烏雞國 = the Cock-Crow (Wūjī) Kingdom.

那nà國guó王wáng被bèi一yì妖yāo精jīng假jiǎ裝zhuāng道dào士shì，呼hū風fēng喚huàn雨yǔ，陰yīn害hài了le國guó王wáng，那nà妖yāo假jiǎ變biàn國guó王wáng相xiàng貌mào，現xiàn坐zuò金jīn鑾luán殿diàn上shàng。那nà国guó王wáng被bèi一yì妖yāo精jīng假jiǎ装zhuāng道dào士shì，呼hū风fēng唤huàn雨yǔ，阴yīn害hài了le国guó王wáng，那nà妖yāo假jiǎ变biàn国guó王wáng相xiàng貌mào，现xiàn坐zuò金jīn銮luán殿diàn上shàng。

Its king had been done to death by a fiend disguised as a Daoist priest, who summoned wind and rain and secretly destroyed him; the fiend then falsely took the king's own shape and now sits upon the golden-belled throne.

Two deictic 那 (那國王, 那妖) = nà. 相貌: 相 = xiàng ("features, likeness"). 金鑾殿 = the throne-hall.

是shì我wǒ師shī父fù夜yè坐zuò寶bǎo林lín寺sì看kàn經jīng，那nà國guó王wáng鬼guǐ魂hún參cān拜bài我wǒ師shī，敦dūn請qǐng老lǎo孫sūn與yǔ他tā降xiáng妖yāo，辨biàn明míng邪xié正zhèng。是shì我wǒ师shī父fù夜yè坐zuò宝bǎo林lín寺sì看kàn经jīng，那nà国guó王wáng鬼guǐ魂hún参cān拜bài我wǒ师shī，敦dūn请qǐng老lǎo孙sūn与yǔ他tā降xiáng妖yāo，辨biàn明míng邪xié正zhèng。

My master was sitting by night over the scriptures in the Precious-Grove Monastery when that king's ghost came to do him homage, earnestly begging old Sun to subdue the fiend for him and set right the false from the true.

Deictic 那國王: 那 = nà. 參拜: 參 = cān ("to pay court to"). 降妖: 降 = xiáng. 邪正: 邪 = xié.

正zhèng是shì老lǎo孫sūn思sī無wú指zhǐ實shí，與yǔ弟dì八bā戒jiè夜yè入rù園yuán中zhōng，打dǎ破pò花huā園yuán，尋xún著zháo埋mái藏cáng之zhī所suǒ，乃nǎi是shì一yì眼yǎn八bā角jiǎo琉liú璃lí井jǐng內nèi。正zhèng是shì老lǎo孙sūn思sī无wú指zhǐ实shí，与yǔ弟dì八bā戒jiè夜yè入rù园yuán中zhōng，打dǎ破pò花huā园yuán，寻xún着zháo埋mái藏cáng之zhī所suǒ，乃nǎi是shì一yì眼yǎn八bā角jiǎo琉liú璃lí井jǐng内nèi。

Just so, old Sun, thinking he had no solid proof, went with my brother Eight Rules by night into the garden, broke into the flower-garden, and searched out the place of burial — a single well of eight-cornered coloured glaze.

園中: 中 = zhōng. 尋著: resultative 著 = zháo ("found"). 埋藏: 藏 = cáng ("to bury, hide"). 琉璃井 = a glazed-tile well.

撈lāo上shàng他tā的de屍shī首shǒu，容róng顏yán不bù改gǎi。捞lāo上shàng他tā的de尸shī首shǒu，容róng颜yán不bù改gǎi。

We fished up his corpse, and its features were unaltered.

撈上 = "to fish up." 容顏不改 = "countenance unchanged" — the body three years in the well yet undecayed.

到dào寺sì中zhōng見jiàn了le我wǒ師shī，他tā發fā慈cí悲bēi，著zhuó老lǎo孫sūn醫yī救jiù，不bù許xǔ去qù赴fù陰yīn司sī裡lǐ求qiú索suǒ靈líng魂hún，只zhǐ教jiào在zài陽yáng世shì間jiān救jiù治zhì。到dào寺sì中zhōng见jiàn了le我wǒ师shī，他tā发fā慈cí悲bēi，着zhuó老lǎo孙sūn医yī救jiù，不bù许xǔ去qù赴fù阴yīn司sī里lǐ求qiú索suǒ灵líng魂hún，只zhǐ教jiào在zài阳yáng世shì间jiān救jiù治zhì。

Brought back to the monastery and shown to my master, he was moved to pity and charged old Sun to heal and save him — forbidding me to go down to the shades to seek out the soul, and bidding me cure him only in the world of the living.

寺中: 中 = zhōng. Causative 著老孫醫救: 著 = zhuó. 只教: causative 教 = jiào ("to make, to have"). 陽世間: 間 = jiān.

我wǒ想xiǎng著zhe無wú處chù回huí生shēng，特tè來lái參cān謁yè。我wǒ想xiǎng着zhe无wú处chù回huí生shēng，特tè来lái参cān谒yè。

Thinking I had nowhere to work the return to life, I came expressly to call on you.

想著: durative 著 = zhe. 參謁: 參 = cān ("to visit, present oneself").

萬wàn望wàng道dào祖zǔ垂chuí憐lián，把bǎ九jiǔ轉zhuǎn還huán魂hún丹dān借jiè得dé一yì千qiān丸wán兒er，與yǔ我wǒ老lǎo孫sūn，搭dā救jiù他tā也yě。」万wàn望wàng道dào祖zǔ垂chuí怜lián，把bǎ九jiǔ转zhuǎn还huán魂hún丹dān借jiè得dé一yì千qiān丸wán儿er，与yǔ我wǒ老lǎo孙sūn，搭dā救jiù他tā也yě。」

My one hope is that the Daoist Patriarch will take pity and lend me a thousand pellets of the Nine-Cycle Soul-Reverting Elixir, to give to old Sun and rescue him."

還魂丹: 還 = huán. 借得: 得 = dé. 丸兒: suffix 兒 = er.

老lǎo君jūn道dào：「這zhè猴hóu子zi胡hú說shuō，甚shén麼me一yì千qiān丸wán二èr千qiān丸wán，當dàng飯fàn吃chī哩lī？老lǎo君jūn道dào：「这zhè猴hóu子zi胡hú说shuō，甚shén么me一yì千qiān丸wán二èr千qiān丸wán，当dàng饭fàn吃chī哩lī？

Lord Lao said: "This monkey talks nonsense — 'a thousand pellets,' 'two thousand pellets' — as if they were rice to be eaten by the bowl?

甚麼: 甚 = shén. 當飯吃: 當 = dàng ("to treat as"). 猴子: suffix 子 = zi.

是shì那nǎ裡lǐ土tǔ塊kuài捘zùn的de，這zhè等děng容róng易yì？是shì那nǎ里lǐ土tǔ块kuài捘zùn的de，这zhè等děng容róng易yì？

Where is there clay to be kneaded up like this, so easily?"

那裡 = "where" (rhetorical): 那 = nǎ. 土塊捘的 = "kneaded of lumps of earth."

咄duō！咄duō！

"Pah!

咄 (duō) — a sharp cry of dismissal.

快kuài去qù！快kuài去qù！

Off with you!

快去 = "be gone, quickly."

沒méi有yǒu！」没méi有yǒu！」

There aren't any!"

沒有 = "there are none"; 沒 = méi.

行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「百bǎi十shí丸wán兒er也yě罷ba。」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「百bǎi十shí丸wán儿er也yě罢ba。」

Pilgrim laughed: "A hundred or ten pellets would do just as well."

百十丸兒: suffix 兒 = er. 也罷: particle 罷 = ba.

老lǎo君jūn道dào：「也yě沒méi有yǒu。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「也yě没méi有yǒu。」

Lord Lao said: "Those there aren't, either."

也沒有 = "none of those either."

行xíng者zhě道dào：「十shí來lái丸wán也yě罷ba。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「十shí来lái丸wán也yě罢ba。」

Pilgrim said: "Ten or so pellets would do."

十來丸 = "ten-odd pellets." 也罷: 罷 = ba.

老lǎo君jūn怒nù道dào：「這zhè潑pō猴hóu卻què也yě纏chán帳zhàng，沒méi有yǒu沒méi有yǒu，出chū去qù出chū去qù。」老lǎo君jūn怒nù道dào：「这zhè泼pō猴hóu却què也yě缠chán帐zhàng，没méi有yǒu没méi有yǒu，出chū去qù出chū去qù。」

Lord Lao said angrily: "This wretched ape is a real pest — none, none, out with you, out with you!"

纏帳 = "to pester, to be a nuisance." 潑猴 = "vile ape."

行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「真zhēn個gè沒méi有yǒu，我wǒ問wèn別bié處chù去qù求qiú罷ba。」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào：「真zhēn个gè没méi有yǒu，我wǒ问wèn别bié处chù去qù求qiú罢ba。」

Pilgrim laughed: "Truly none, then; I'll go ask elsewhere."

別處: 處 = chù. Final 罷 = particle ba.

老lǎo君jūn喝hè道dào：「去qù去qù去qù！」老lǎo君jūn喝hè道dào：「去qù去qù去qù！」

Lord Lao barked: "Go, go, go!"

喝道 = "shouted." Threefold 去 — the god shooing him out.

這zhè大dà聖shèng拽zhuài轉zhuǎn步bù，往wǎng前qián就jiù走zǒu。这zhè大dà圣shèng拽zhuài转zhuǎn步bù，往wǎng前qián就jiù走zǒu。

The Great Sage swung round on his heel and made off toward the front.

拽轉步: 拽 = zhuài ("to drag, to swing round"), which pypinyin mis-defaults zhuāi.

總評 Commentary

Here the chapter's narrative machinery is laid bare, as Wukong recites to Lord Lao the whole back-story of the Wūjī affair: the king murdered by a false Daoist who could "summon wind and call rain," the impostor enthroned in the true king's shape, the ghost's night appeal in the Precious-Grove Monastery, the corpse fished undecayed from the eight-cornered glazed well. The recap is a convention of the long vernacular novel — the reader is caught up, and a listener within the story is given his motive — but it also sharpens the chapter's governing opposition of 邪正, the false and the true, which the coming confrontation at court will have to resolve.

The scene is built as a haggling. Wukong asks for a thousand pellets of the Nine-Cycle Soul-Reverting Elixir; Lord Lao scoffs that they are not rice to be eaten by the bowl, nor clay to be kneaded up at will, and drives him off with a 咄 and a threefold "be gone." Wukong bargains down — a hundred, ten — and, refused each time, feigns surrender and turns to leave. The banter is genuinely funny, but it is also plot: the refusal is not final, and the very theatrics of Wukong's departure set the trap for the reversal of the next passage, in which the suspicious god, fearing a theft, will thrust upon him the single grain he would not sell.