第三十九回 · 兜率參老 Calling on Lord Lao at Tuṣita — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

兜率參老 Calling on Lord Lao at Tuṣita

好hǎo大dà聖shèng，此cǐ時shí有yǒu半bàn夜yè時shí分fēn，別bié了le他tā師shī徒tú三sān眾zhòng，縱zòng觔jīn斗dǒu雲yún，只zhǐ入rù南nán天tiān門mén裡lǐ。果guǒ然rán也yě不bú謁yè靈líng霄xiāo寶bǎo殿diàn，不bú上shàng那nà斗dǒu牛niú天tiān宮gōng，一yí路lù雲yún光guāng，徑jìng來lái到dào三sān十shí三sān天tiān離lí恨hèn天tiān兜dōu率shuài宮gōng中zhōng。才cái入rù門mén，只zhǐ見jiàn那nà太tài上shàng老lǎo君jūn正zhèng坐zuò在zài那nà丹dān房fáng中zhōng，與yǔ眾zhòng仙xiān童tóng執zhí芭bā蕉jiāo扇shàn，搧shān火huǒ煉liàn丹dān哩lī。他tā見jiàn行xíng者zhě來lái時shí，即jí吩fēn咐fù看kān丹dān的de童tóng兒er：「各gè要yào仔zǐ細xì，偷tōu丹dān的de賊zéi又yòu來lái也yě。」行xíng者zhě作zuò禮lǐ笑xiào道dào：「老lǎo官guān兒er，這zhè等děng沒méi搭dā撒sā，防fáng備bèi我wǒ怎zěn的de？我wǒ如rú今jīn不bú幹gàn那nà樣yàng事shì了le。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ那nà猴hóu子zi，五wǔ百bǎi年nián前qián大dà鬧nào天tiān宮gōng，把bǎ我wǒ靈líng丹dān偷tōu吃chī無wú數shù，著zhuó小xiǎo聖shèng二èr郎láng捉zhuō拿ná上shàng界jiè，送sòng在zài我wǒ丹dān爐lú煉liàn了le四sì十shí九jiǔ日rì，炭tàn也yě不bù知zhī費fèi了le多duō少shǎo。你nǐ如rú今jīn幸xìng得dé脫tuō身shēn，皈guī依yī佛fó果guǒ，保bǎo唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng。前qián者zhě在zài平píng頂dǐng山shān上shàng降xiáng魔mó，弄nòng刁diāo難nàn，不bù與yǔ我wǒ寶bǎo貝bèi，今jīn日rì又yòu來lái做zuò甚shén？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「前qián日rì事shì，老lǎo孫sūn更gèng沒méi稽jī遲chí，將jiāng你nǐ那nà五wǔ件jiàn寶bǎo貝bèi當dāng時shí交jiāo還huán，你nǐ反fǎn疑yí心xīn怪guài我wǒ？」好hǎo大dà圣shèng，此cǐ时shí有yǒu半bàn夜yè时shí分fēn，别bié了le他tā师shī徒tú三sān众zhòng，纵zòng觔jīn斗dǒu云yún，只zhǐ入rù南nán天tiān门mén里lǐ。果guǒ然rán也yě不bú谒yè灵líng霄xiāo宝bǎo殿diàn，不bú上shàng那nà斗dǒu牛niú天tiān宫gōng，一yí路lù云yún光guāng，径jìng来lái到dào三sān十shí三sān天tiān离lí恨hèn天tiān兜dōu率shuài宫gōng中zhōng。才cái入rù门mén，只zhǐ见jiàn那nà太tài上shàng老lǎo君jūn正zhèng坐zuò在zài那nà丹dān房fáng中zhōng，与yǔ众zhòng仙xiān童tóng执zhí芭bā蕉jiāo扇shàn，搧shān火huǒ炼liàn丹dān哩lī。他tā见jiàn行xíng者zhě来lái时shí，即jí吩fēn咐fù看kān丹dān的de童tóng儿er：「各gè要yào仔zǐ细xì，偷tōu丹dān的de贼zéi又yòu来lái也yě。」行xíng者zhě作zuò礼lǐ笑xiào道dào：「老lǎo官guān儿er，这zhè等děng没méi搭dā撒sā，防fáng备bèi我wǒ怎zěn的de？我wǒ如rú今jīn不bú干gàn那nà样yàng事shì了le。」老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ那nà猴hóu子zi，五wǔ百bǎi年nián前qián大dà闹nào天tiān宫gōng，把bǎ我wǒ灵líng丹dān偷tōu吃chī无wú数shù，着zhuó小xiǎo圣shèng二èr郎láng捉zhuō拿ná上shàng界jiè，送sòng在zài我wǒ丹dān炉lú炼liàn了le四sì十shí九jiǔ日rì，炭tàn也yě不bù知zhī费fèi了le多duō少shǎo。你nǐ如rú今jīn幸xìng得dé脱tuō身shēn，皈guī依yī佛fó果guǒ，保bǎo唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng。前qián者zhě在zài平píng顶dǐng山shān上shàng降xiáng魔mó，弄nòng刁diāo难nàn，不bù与yǔ我wǒ宝bǎo贝bèi，今jīn日rì又yòu来lái做zuò甚shén？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「前qián日rì事shì，老lǎo孙sūn更gèng没méi稽jī迟chí，将jiāng你nǐ那nà五wǔ件jiàn宝bǎo贝bèi当dāng时shí交jiāo还huán，你nǐ反fǎn疑yí心xīn怪guài我wǒ？」

逐句解 Line by line

好hǎo大dà聖shèng，此cǐ時shí有yǒu半bàn夜yè時shí分fēn，別bié了le他tā師shī徒tú三sān眾zhòng，縱zòng觔jīn斗dǒu雲yún，只zhǐ入rù南nán天tiān門mén裡lǐ。好hǎo大dà圣shèng，此cǐ时shí有yǒu半bàn夜yè时shí分fēn，别bié了le他tā师shī徒tú三sān众zhòng，纵zòng觔jīn斗dǒu云yún，只zhǐ入rù南nán天tiān门mén里lǐ。

The fine Great Sage — it being now the depth of night — took leave of his master and the two others, called up his somersault cloud, and drove straight in through the Southern Heaven Gate.

觔斗雲: 斗 = dǒu. 三眾 = "the three [others of the party]."

果guǒ然rán也yě不bú謁yè靈líng霄xiāo寶bǎo殿diàn，不bú上shàng那nà斗dǒu牛niú天tiān宮gōng，一yí路lù雲yún光guāng，徑jìng來lái到dào三sān十shí三sān天tiān離lí恨hèn天tiān兜dōu率shuài宮gōng中zhōng。果guǒ然rán也yě不bú谒yè灵líng霄xiāo宝bǎo殿diàn，不bú上shàng那nà斗dǒu牛niú天tiān宫gōng，一yí路lù云yún光guāng，径jìng来lái到dào三sān十shí三sān天tiān离lí恨hèn天tiān兜dōu率shuài宫gōng中zhōng。

Indeed he neither called at the Precious Hall of Numinous Mist nor went up to the Dipper-Ox Heaven-Palace, but on a single road of cloud-light came straight to the Tuṣita Palace, in the Heaven of Parted Sorrows, at the top of the Thirty-Three Heavens.

那斗牛天宮: deictic 那 = nà; 斗 = dǒu. 兜率: 率 = shuài. 宮中: 中 = zhōng.

才cái入rù門mén，只zhǐ見jiàn那nà太tài上shàng老lǎo君jūn正zhèng坐zuò在zài那nà丹dān房fáng中zhōng，與yǔ眾zhòng仙xiān童tóng執zhí芭bā蕉jiāo扇shàn，搧shān火huǒ煉liàn丹dān哩lī。才cái入rù门mén，只zhǐ见jiàn那nà太tài上shàng老lǎo君jūn正zhèng坐zuò在zài那nà丹dān房fáng中zhōng，与yǔ众zhòng仙xiān童tóng执zhí芭bā蕉jiāo扇shàn，搧shān火huǒ炼liàn丹dān哩lī。

The moment he entered the gate, he saw the Most High Lord Lao seated squarely in his elixir-chamber, together with his throng of immortal lads, plying a plantain-leaf fan and fanning the fire to refine cinnabar.

那太上老君 / 那丹房: both deictic 那 = nà; 丹房中, 中 = zhōng. 搧火煉丹 = "to fan the fire and refine the elixir."

他tā見jiàn行xíng者zhě來lái時shí，即jí吩fēn咐fù看kān丹dān的de童tóng兒er：「各gè要yào仔zǐ細xì，偷tōu丹dān的de賊zéi又yòu來lái也yě。」他tā见jiàn行xíng者zhě来lái时shí，即jí吩fēn咐fù看kān丹dān的de童tóng儿er：「各gè要yào仔zǐ细xì，偷tōu丹dān的de贼zéi又yòu来lái也yě。」

Seeing Pilgrim come, he at once charged the elixir-tending lads: "Each of you be careful — the thief who steals the elixir has come again."

看丹的童兒: 看 here kān ("to keep, to guard"); suffix 兒 = er. 仔細: 仔 = zǐ.

行xíng者zhě作zuò禮lǐ笑xiào道dào：「老lǎo官guān兒er，這zhè等děng沒méi搭dā撒sā，防fáng備bèi我wǒ怎zěn的de？行xíng者zhě作zuò礼lǐ笑xiào道dào：「老lǎo官guān儿er，这zhè等děng没méi搭dā撒sā，防fáng备bèi我wǒ怎zěn的de？

Pilgrim made a bow and laughed: "Old sir, what a graceless way to carry on — why guard against me?

老官兒: familiar address, suffix 兒 = er. 沒搭撒 = "unmannerly, offhand."

我wǒ如rú今jīn不bú幹gàn那nà樣yàng事shì了le。」我wǒ如rú今jīn不bú干gàn那nà样yàng事shì了le。」

Nowadays I don't do that sort of thing."

不幹那樣事: deictic 那 = nà; 幹 = gàn, "to do."

老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ那nà猴hóu子zi，五wǔ百bǎi年nián前qián大dà鬧nào天tiān宮gōng，把bǎ我wǒ靈líng丹dān偷tōu吃chī無wú數shù，著zhuó小xiǎo聖shèng二èr郎láng捉zhuō拿ná上shàng界jiè，送sòng在zài我wǒ丹dān爐lú煉liàn了le四sì十shí九jiǔ日rì，炭tàn也yě不bù知zhī費fèi了le多duō少shǎo。老lǎo君jūn道dào：「你nǐ那nà猴hóu子zi，五wǔ百bǎi年nián前qián大dà闹nào天tiān宫gōng，把bǎ我wǒ灵líng丹dān偷tōu吃chī无wú数shù，着zhuó小xiǎo圣shèng二èr郎láng捉zhuō拿ná上shàng界jiè，送sòng在zài我wǒ丹dān炉lú炼liàn了le四sì十shí九jiǔ日rì，炭tàn也yě不bù知zhī费fèi了le多duō少shǎo。

Lord Lao said: "You monkey — five hundred years ago you made your great uproar in Heaven, filched and ate my sacred elixir past all counting, and I had the Little Sage Erlang seize you and haul you up to the courts, and set you in my elixir-brazier to be refined nine-and-forty days — no telling how much charcoal it cost.

你那猴子: deictic 那 = nà; suffix 子 = zi. 無數: 數 the noun shù ("number"). 著小聖二郎捉拿: causative 著 = zhuó ("to have [someone] do").

你nǐ如rú今jīn幸xìng得dé脫tuō身shēn，皈guī依yī佛fó果guǒ，保bǎo唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ經jīng。你nǐ如rú今jīn幸xìng得dé脱tuō身shēn，皈guī依yī佛fó果guǒ，保bǎo唐táng僧sēng往wǎng西xī天tiān取qǔ经jīng。

Now you've had the luck to slip free, taken refuge in the Buddha-fruit, and guard the Tang Monk on his way west to fetch the scriptures.

幸得: 得 = dé ("to manage, to get to"). 皈依佛果: 佛 = fó.

前qián者zhě在zài平píng頂dǐng山shān上shàng降xiáng魔mó，弄nòng刁diāo難nàn，不bù與yǔ我wǒ寶bǎo貝bèi，今jīn日rì又yòu來lái做zuò甚shén？」前qián者zhě在zài平píng顶dǐng山shān上shàng降xiáng魔mó，弄nòng刁diāo难nàn，不bù与yǔ我wǒ宝bǎo贝bèi，今jīn日rì又yòu来lái做zuò甚shén？」

Before, on Level-Top Mountain, when you were subduing demons and running into trouble, you wouldn't give me back my treasures — and today here you come again. What for?"

降魔: 降 = xiáng ("to subdue"), the reading pypinyin persistently mis-defaults. 刁難 = diāo nàn ("to make deliberately difficult"); 難 = nàn. 做甚: 甚 = shén ("what").

行xíng者zhě道dào：「前qián日rì事shì，老lǎo孫sūn更gèng沒méi稽jī遲chí，將jiāng你nǐ那nà五wǔ件jiàn寶bǎo貝bèi當dāng時shí交jiāo還huán，你nǐ反fǎn疑yí心xīn怪guài我wǒ？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「前qián日rì事shì，老lǎo孙sūn更gèng没méi稽jī迟chí，将jiāng你nǐ那nà五wǔ件jiàn宝bǎo贝bèi当dāng时shí交jiāo还huán，你nǐ反fǎn疑yí心xīn怪guài我wǒ？」

Pilgrim said: "That business the other day — old Sun caused you no delay at all; I handed back your five treasures on the spot. And you still doubt me and hold it against me?"

將你那五件寶貝: disposal coverb 將 = jiāng; deictic 那 = nà. 交還: 還 = huán ("to return"). 更沒: 更 = gèng.

總評 Commentary

With the ascent, the register shifts from farce to the celestial. Wukong crosses the Southern Heaven Gate and rises past the whole apparatus of the Daoist heavens — the Hall of Numinous Mist, the Dipper-Ox Palace — to the very summit of the Thirty-Three Heavens and the Tuṣita Palace (兜率宮) of the Most High Lord Lao. The name 兜率 (Tuṣita, read dōu shuài) is a Buddhist heaven grafted onto the Daoist Laozi's residence — one of the countless syncretic braidings by which the novel folds Buddhist cosmology, Daoist alchemy, and popular pantheon into a single sky.

The comedy is not wholly left behind. Lord Lao's first act is to warn his elixir-lads that "the thief has come again," and the exchange that follows is a small, sour reunion: the god recites the whole grievance of the 大鬧天宮, the havoc in Heaven — the stolen elixir, the capture by Erlang, the forty-nine days in the Eight-Trigrams brazier that only hardened Wukong instead of melting him — and even reproaches him over the recent affair at Level-Top Mountain (Chapters 32–35). The scene works as memory and as characterization: the immortal bureaucracy neither forgets nor forgives, and Wukong, come as a supplicant, must first absorb an old creditor's complaint before he can ask his favour.